Identification of volatile organic compound of oil palm plants infected with Ganoderma sp.

Authors

  • Irma Kresnawaty Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit
  • Agustin Sri Mulyatni Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit
  • Deden Dewantara Eris Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit
  • Tri Panji Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit
  • Happy Widiastuti Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit
  • Kuwat Triyana Gadjah Mada University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v92i1.534

Keywords:

benzaldehyde, GC-MS, Lignin, marker compounds, volatile compound

Abstract

The success of controlling basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma sp. is mostly determined by the early detection of the fungi. Hence, when the signs of infection begin to appear, plants are generally difficult to rescue since the pathogen infection has spread widely to all parts of the plant. Therefore, early detection through the application of biosensors for Ganoderma sp. infection is absolutely necessary. This study aim was to identify biomarker compounds of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plants with GC-MS for volatile compounds, and LC-MS for non-volatile compounds. The results showed that Ganoderma sp. mycelium produced pyrimidinamine compounds. Meanwhile in early infected nursery plants, were found benzo[h]quinoline, hexaoxa-7,9,11-trisilaheptad, tris-(trimethyl-silyl ester and methyl-tris(trimethyl-siloxy)-silane). Whereas in Bekri, Rejosari, and Adolina plantation, the compound methyl-tris(trimethyl-siloxy)-silane was also found in healthy mature plants. GC-MS test results showed that for early, moderate and severe plants produced several benzene derivative compounds such as ethylbenzene, xylene, and benzaldehyde. These compounds were assumed to be resulted from the breakdown of the lignin structure which build plant cell walls, and have potency to be used as marker compounds for early infected Ganoderma sp. detection. The result of the produced gas quantification concluded that in the produced oil palm plants released less CO2 compared to healthy plants. On the other hand, the NH3 produced was higher than the healthy plants. Meanwhile, two non-volatile compounds were found  that  they  were  only  produced  by  infected trunk and root tissue, namely pseudobrucine and picrasidine.

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Author Biography

Irma Kresnawaty, Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute- Bogor Unit

Bioindustry Reasearch Group

Young Researcher

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Additional Files

Submitted

08-03-2023

Accepted

30-01-2024

Published

19-04-2024

How to Cite

Kresnawaty, I., Sri Mulyatni, A., Eris, D. D., Panji, T., Widiastuti, H., & Triyana, K. (2024). Identification of volatile organic compound of oil palm plants infected with Ganoderma sp. Menara Perkebunan, 92(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v92i1.534

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