Fortifikasi senyawa selenium pada jamur tiram coklat (Pleurotus pulmonarius dan Pleurotus sajor-caju)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.353Keywords:
mycellium, BER value, sodium selenite, fruiting bodyAbstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the most important micronutrients needed for human health. However, the content of Se compound in animals and plants isrelativelysmallin order to meet recommended intakes of Se. Therefore, Se fortification in food source, such as mushroom, is needed. In this study, fortification was carried out by adding sodium selenite to the growth media (the mixture of sawdust and OPEFB) of brown oyster mushrooms included Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus sajor-caju, in various concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm. The results showed that the highest absorption of Se in P. pulmonarius and P. sojur caju (3.51 and 2.31 %, respectively) obtained from 200 ppm sodium selenite addition. High concentrations of sodium selenite in baglog media tend to inhibit mycellium growth and the production of mushroom fruiting body. The additions of 200 ppm sodium selenite in baglog media of P. pulmonarius and P. sajor-caju were the best treatment in term of the fastest mycelium coverage in 40 and 37 days with the highest biological efficiency ratio (BER) value of 18.80 and 17.89 %, respectively.Layu Senyawa selenium (Se) merupakan salah satu mikronutrien terpenting yang harus dipenuhi kebutuhannya dalam tubuh. Akan tetapi, kandungan senyawa Se pada hewan dan tumbuhan sangat kecil untuk memenuhi kebutuhan asupan Se yang dianjurkan. Oleh karena itu, fortifikasi Se pada sumber pangan seperti pada jamur diperlukan. Dalam penelitian ini, fortifikasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan sodium selenit ke dalam media pertumbuhan (campuran serbuk gergaji dan TKKS) jamur tiram coklat, yaitu Pleurotus pulmonarius dan Pleurotus sajor-caju dengan berbagai konsentrasi,diantaranya: 100, 200, 300, dan 400 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyerapan Se tertinggi pada P. pulmonarius dan P. sojurcaju yaitu masing-masingsebesar 3,51 dan 2,31% diperoleh dari penambahan sodium selenit 200 ppm. Konsentrasi sodium selenit yang tinggi pada media baglog cenderung menghambat pertumbuhan miselium dan produksi tubuh buah jamur. Penambahan sodium selenit sebanyak 200 ppm pada media baglog P. pulmonarius dan P. sajor-caju merupakan perlakuan terbaik ditinjau dari waktu tercepat pertumbuhan miselium jamur menutupi media dalam baglog, yaitu masing-masing 40 dan 37 hari dengan nilai biological efficiency ratio (BER) tertinggi, yaitu 18,80 dan 17,89 % secara berurutan.
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