The effects of seaweed fertilizer on the growth and productivity of upland rice, maize and oil palm grown in green house Pengaruh pupuk rumput laut terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi gogo, jagung dan kelapa sawit di rumah kaca
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v79i2.61Keywords:
Sargasum sp., upland rice, maize, oil palmAbstract
Abstrak
Sebagai negara kepulauan di daerah tropis, Indonesia
kaya akan sumberdaya alam untuk swasembada pangan.
Berjuta-juta hektar lahan di Indonesia ditanami tanaman
perkebunan, tanaman tahunan yang memiliki masa juvenil
yang relatif lama, terutama tanaman kelapa sawit dan karet.
Sementara itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi pangan
terkendala oleh terbatasnya lahan subur. Penelitian yang
mengeksplorasi bioregulator alami mampu meningkatkan
produktivitas tanaman, menemukan bahwa Sargasum sp.,
rumput laut tipe liar yang di sepanjang pantai beberapa
wilayah Indonesia, menunjukkan kemampuannya meningkat-
kan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman seperti padi,
jagung, tomat dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit tanpa
penambahan pupuk kimia. Percobaan pada padi gogo
varietas Batutegi yang ditanam di rumah kaca, menunjuk-
kan bahwa bioregulator alami tersebut meningkatkan
produktivitasnya 50% lebih tinggi daripada kontrolnya.
Percobaan menggunakan jagung var. Arjuna, tanaman yang
telah diperlakukan dengan bioregulator tersebut mem-
produksi dua hingga tiga tongkol, sementara pada tanaman
kontrol hanya satu tongkol. Percobaan pada tanaman
kelapa sawit di rumahkaca memperlihatkan bahwa bio-
regulator tersebut menginduksi pertumbuhan vegetatifnya
secara signifikan, lebih baik daripada kontrol dengan atau
tanpa pupuk kimia. Intercropping tanaman kelapa sawit
TBM dengan tanaman pangan seperti padi gogo atau
jagung, diharapkan lebih menguntungkan bagi usaha
perkebunan.
Abstract
Being a tropical archipelago, Indonesia is rich with
natural resources enabling more production for food.
Millions hectares of Indonesian lands is now planted with
estate crops, perennial crops with relatively lengthen
juvenile phase mainly oil palm and rubber. Meanwhile,
attempts to increase national food production have been
limited by availability of fertile lands. Our research
exploring natural bioregulator capable of improving crop
productivity, found that Sargasum sp., a wild sea weed
grown mostly along the coast line in Indonesia, indicated its
ability to improve the growth and productivity of crops like
rice, maize, tomato and oil palm even though with no
chemical fertilizers added. The experiment on upland rice of
local variety Batutegi planted in greenhouse, demonstrated
the natural bioregulator has increased the rice productivity
by at least 50% over the control. The experiment using
maize var. Arjuna, the bioregulator treated plants has made
two to three corncobs instead of only one corncob on the
control plants. The experiment on the oil palm grown in the
nursery showed that the bioregulator has significantly
induced vegetative growth better than the control with or
without chemical fertilizers. Intercropping the food crops,
rice or maize in the juvenile phase of the oil palm
plantations, should be beneficial to the productivity of the
plantation.
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