Kultur akar rambut in vitro serta pemanfaatan kultur ganda untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan endomikoriza (Gigaspora sp. dan Acaulospora sp.) Hairy root culture in vitro and the application of dual culture for growth and development of endomycorrhiza ( Gigaspora sp. and Acaulospora sp.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v75i1.151Keywords:
Arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi, in-vitro culture, hairy root, Gigaspora sp., Acaulospora sp., dual cultureAbstract
Summary
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are
ecologically important for most vascular plants
for their growth and survival. AM fungi are
obligate symbions, and conventionally propa-
gated by pot culture with a certain host plants.
This papers describes the establishment of
monoxenic cultures of Gigaspora sp. and
Acaulospora sp in association with excised Ri
T-DNA transformed carrot roots and tomato
in vitro plants. Spores of Gigaspora sp. and
Acaulospora sp. was cultured in monoxenic
tomato, carrot and hairy root of carrot in vitro
cultures. The objectives of these studies were to
obtained dual culture ( axenic and hairy root)
for germination, sporulation, and infection of
Gigaspora sp. and Acaulospora sp. The
research consisted of (i) host plant selection
with high compatibility for hairy root
formation, (ii) media selection for potato and
carrot hairy root culture, (iii) hairy root of
Granola potato and carrot in dual culture, and
(iv) germination, sporulation, and infection of
Gigaspora sp. and Acaulospora sp. in vitro
culture. The results showed that hairy roots
induction were obtained from Granola,
Atlantik potato and carrot in MS, B5 and
White media. Granola, Atlantik potato and
carrot hairy root grow well in MS and White
medium, respectively. In dual culture media
(MM media) hairy root of carrot grow well, but
hairy root of Granola potato were inhibited.
Germination, sporulation of Gigaspora sp.
and Acaulospora sp. and root infection by
both CMA could be maintained in dual culture
with host carrot, tomato plants and carrot
hairy root culture in MM media
Ringkasan
Cendawan Arbuskular Mikoriza (CMA)
secara ekologi berperan penting untuk ke-
langsungan hidup tanaman. CMA adalah
simbion obligat, dan secara konvensional di-
perbanyak dengan kultur pot menggunakan
tanaman inang tertentu. Tulisan ini menjelas-
kan kultur monoksenik Gigaspora sp. dan
Acaulospora sp. berasosiasi dengan kultur akar
rambut tanaman wortel dan tomat yang
diinokulasi dengan Ri T-DNA. Spora dari
Gigaspora sp. dan Acaulospora sp. dikultur-
kan secara monoksenik in vitro dengan
tanaman tomat, wortel dan kultur akar rambut
wortel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
mendapatkan kultur ganda (aksenik dan akar
rambut) untuk perkecambahan, sporulasi, dan
infeksi Gigaspora sp. dan Acaulospora sp.
Penelitian terdiri atas (i) seleksi tanaman inang
dengan tingkat kompatibilitas tinggi untuk
pembentukan akar rambut, (ii) seleksi medium
untuk kultur akar rambut wortel, (iii) akar
rambut kentang Granola dan kultur ganda
wortel, dan (iv) perkecambahan, sporulasi,
serta infeksi Gigaspora sp. dan Acaulospora
sp. dalam kultur in vitro. Hasil yang diperoleh
menunjukkan bahwa induksi kultur akar
rambut diperoleh dari kentang Granola,
Atlantik dan wortel dalam medium MS, B5 dan
White. Akar rambut kentang Granola, Atlantik
dan wortel tumbuh baik dalam medium MS
dan White. Akar rambut kentang dapat tumbuh
baik dalam medium kultur ganda, yaitu
medium MM. Sebaliknya pertumbuhan kultur
akar rambut kentang dalam medium yang sama
mengalami hambatan. Perkecambahan, sporu-
lasi Gigaspora sp. maupun Acaulospora sp..
serta infeksi akar oleh kedua jenis CMA dapat
dilakukan dalam kultur ganda dengan tanaman
inang wortel, tanaman kentang serta dengan
kultur akar rambut wortel dalam medium MM.
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