Aktivitas hidrolisat protein terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan awal kacang hijau (Vigna radiata)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v87i2.340Keywords:
Plant biostimulant, protein hydrolysis, plant growth, Vigna radiataAbstract
Abstract
Plant bostimulant application have proven to improve field productivity to meet genetic potential. Protein hydrolisates has been utilized as plant biostimulant to increase crops productiviy and yield. Protein hydrolysate from organic waste or by product is highly potential for plant biostimulant, since it is efficiently turn the waste into high value product.. Trash fish meal (TI) and chicken feather meal (TB) have high protein content and are potential as plant biostimulant. Application of protein hydrolisates as biostimulant has been acclaimed to improve plant growth. The aim of this study wasto evaluate the activity of protein hydrolysates from TB and TI on germination and early growth of mung bean. Hydrolysis was conducted under high temperature and pressure in acid condition. Application of protein hydrolysates under various concentrations: 5, 10, and 20 ppm. The effect of protein hydrolysates were evaluated on seed germination and root and colleoptile fresh weight. Chemical analysis was performed to measure nitrogen content in the materials. The result showed that germination at 10 ppm after 7 hours incubation of protein hydrolysate from TI and TB. Under TI hydrolysate germination was increase by 191.7%, from 21.7% blank solution to 63.3% of treatment. While under protein hydrolysate from TB increased by 99.5%, from 21.7% of blank solution to 43.3%. Activity of TB hydrolysate toward root and colleoptile growth was higher than in TI hydrolysate. Root growth was higher than colleoptile under all treatments. Protein hydrolysates of TI and TB could improve germination and early growth of mung bean and is highly potential as plant biostimulant.
[Keywords: plant biostimulant, protein hydrolysis, plant growth, Vigna radiata]
Abstrak
Aplikasi biostimulan tanaman terbukti mampu meningkatkan produktivitas riil di lapang sehingga mendekati potensi genetik tanaman. Hidrolisat protein telah dimanfaatkan sebagai biostimulan tanaman untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan hasil panen berbagai tanaman. Hidrolisat protein dari limbah atau produk samping sangat potensial dikembangkan sebagai biostimulan tanaman karena mampu secara efisien mengubah sampah menjadi produk berharga. Tepung ikan rucah (TI) dan tepung bulu ayam (TB) adalah produk samping usaha perikanan dan peternakan dengan kandungan protein tinggi yang sangat potensial dikembangkan menjadi biostimulan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas hidrolisat protein dari TI dan TB terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan awal kacang hijau. Hidrolisis dilakukan pada suhu dan tekanan tinggi dalam kondisi asam. Hidrolisat yang diperoleh selanjutnya diaplikasikan pada benih kacang hijau pada konsentrasi 5, 10, dan 20 ppm. Parameter yang diamati berupa persentase perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan akar dan koleoptil semai. Analisis kimia dilakukan untuk memberikan data pendukung berupa kadar nitrogen pada kedua bahan baku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan aktivitas perkecambahan kacang hijau pada inkubasi selama 7 jam dalam larutan 10 ppm hidrolisat TI dan TB. Kenaikan persentase perkecambahan pada hidrolisat TI sebesar 191,7%, yaitu dari 21,7% pada blanko menjadi 63,3% pada perlakuan. Sementara dalamhidrolisatTBpeningkatan aktivitas mencapai 99,5%, yaitu dari 21,7% pada blankomenjadi 43,3% pada perlakuan. Pertumbuhan akar dan koleoptil dengan aplikasi hidrolisat TB lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada aplikasi hidrolisat TI. Pengaruh hidrolisat protein lebih tinggi pada pertumbuhan akar dibandingkan koleoptil. Hidrolisat TI dan TB mampu meningkatkan perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan awal kacang hijau dan sangat potensial dikembangkan sebagai biostimulan tanaman.
[Kata kunci:biostimulan tanaman, hidrolisisprotein, pertumbuhan tanaman,Vigna radiata]
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