Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in tea by temporary liquid immersion Embriogenesis somatik langsung dan regenerasi tanaman teh melalui perendaman sesaat

Authors

  • J S TAHARDI
  • Tatik RAISAWATI
  • Imron RIYADI
  • W A DODD

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v68i1.133

Keywords:

Somatic embryogenesis, plant re¬generation, synchronization, tempo¬rary immersion, tea, Camellia sinensis (L.)

Abstract

Ringkasan

 

Perbanyakan tanaman teh [Camellia sinen­sis (L.) O. Kuntze] melalui stek tunas berdaun tunggal hanya dapat menghasilkan klon unggul dalam jumlah terbatas. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan metode alternatif dengan teknik kultur sel dan jaringan untuk perbanyakan klonal secara cepat. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan metode yang lebih efektif untuk regenerasi tanaman teh melalui embriogenesis somatik langsung. Massa pro­embriogenik dari eksplan kotiledon dihasilkan dengan frekuensi 56,7% dalam media MS padat setengah konsentrasi yang mengandung BAP 2 mg1L. Proliferasi, perkembangan, pendewasaan dan perkecambahan embrio somatik diperoleh dengan sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS) yang menggunakan media MS cair setengah konsen­trasi, yang diperkaya dengan zat pengatur tumbuh dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Proliferasi embrio meningkat 4,3 kali dalam media yang diberi BAP 2 mglL; perkembangan dan pendewasaannya meningkat dengan penambahan kinetin dan ABA masing-masing pada konsentrasi 0,1 mg1L yang 30% diantaranya berkecambah dan membentuk planlet tanpa penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh. Protokol SPS tersebut merupakan sistem in vitro yang berpotensi bagi proliferasi dan perkembang­an embrio somatik tanaman teh yang cepat dan sinkron dari kultur kotiledon, serta regenerasinya menjadi planlet tanpa melalui fase kalus.


Summary

 

Tea propagation by single-leaf bud cuttings has limited applications for rapid dissemination of planting materials from new elite clones. An alternative method for rapid cloning by cell and tissue culture technique is necessary. In this study we have established an improved method for tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] plant regenera­tion via direct somatic embryogenesis. Clumps of proembryogenic masses were initiated at a fre­quency of 56.7% from cotyledonary slices cul­tured on a half-strength MS agar-gelled medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP. Proliferation, development, maturation and germination of so­matic embryos were achieved using the temporary immersion system (TIS) provided with half­strength MS liquid media supplemented with varying concentrations of growth regulators. Em­bryo proliferation increased by 4.3-fold in me­dium provided with 2 mg/L BAP; their develop­ment and maturation were enhanced by the presence of both kinetin and ABA at 0.1 mg/L each. Germination and plant recovery were achieved at a frequency of about 30% without the use of growth regulators. The TIS protocol des­cribed above represents an in vitro system poten­tial for rapid proliferation and synchronized development of tea somatic embryos from cotyledon cultures, and their regeneration into plantlets without an intervening callus phase.

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Submitted

08-03-2016

Accepted

08-03-2016

Published

08-03-2016

How to Cite

TAHARDI, J. S., RAISAWATI, T., RIYADI, I., & DODD, W. A. (2016). Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in tea by temporary liquid immersion Embriogenesis somatik langsung dan regenerasi tanaman teh melalui perendaman sesaat. Menara Perkebunan, 68(1). https://doi.org/10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v68i1.133

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